Russia's development of the Amur region in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

The beginning of the exposition is dedicated to the activity of the East Siberian governor-general N. N. Muravyov-Amursky and his associates in decorating the state border of Russia in the Far East. 

The section on the history of the Amur and Ussuri Cossack Troops reveals their role in the settlement, development and protection of the Far Eastern border. Among the items presented there is a special historical and cultural value of the Amur Cossack Army's bratina, as well as samples of arms and uniforms and everyday life of Cossacks.

The Cabinet of an Official complex examines the system of government in the Amur region, whose capital was Khabarovsk.

Following the Cossacks, peasants from various provinces moved to the Far East. This process was especially active in the early 20th century in connection with the Stolypin reform and the construction of the Great Siberian Way. The complexes "Peasant Hut" and "Barn" represent the economic and everyday way of life of the settlers.

The section of the exposition, which tells about the economic development of the Amur region, reveals the history of merchant dynasties, trading houses and fairs. At the turn of the 19th-20th centuries, the Priamursk department of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society started its work, under which a museum and a public library were established. The section displays items from the collections of the first donors. Among them is a clock with music and moving figures, the gift of N.P. Linevich.